Late August and early September are prime times for viruses, especially mosquito-borne ones like West Nile fever. Here’s what you need to know to stay safe during peak season.
Peak Mosquito Season: Why You Should Be Extra Careful
As we approach Labor Day weekend, it’s critical to step up your mosquito protection. This period — typically the last week of August and the first week of September — sees a sharp increase in West Nile virus cases, according to Dr. Erin Staples, a mosquito expert at the CDC.
“People need to be using insect repellents right now,” Staples says.
To date, the CDC has reported 289 cases of West Nile virus in 2024. Of those, 195 have resulted in serious neurological problems, such as brain inflammation or paralysis. At least 18 people have died.
“There’s significant activity in some areas like Texas and New York,” Staples notes.
Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), another serious mosquito-borne virus, is less common but even more deadly. A recent case in New Hampshire resulted in the death of a previously healthy 41-year-old man. With a fatality rate of about 30% among people with severe symptoms, EEE is a major concern.
Symptoms and Warning Signs
Most infected with West Nile Virus, or EEE, have no symptoms. For those who do, symptoms typically appear three to 14 days after the insect bite and include:
- Fever
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Nausea
Severe cases that affect the central nervous system can lead to more severe symptoms. This includes confusion or altered mental status. If you or someone you know has signs of confusion along with flu-like symptoms, seek immediate medical attention.
Diagnosing mosquito-borne diseases
Diagnosing these viruses can be difficult based on symptoms alone. Blood tests are usually used to confirm the diagnosis. In severe cases, a spinal tap may be performed to check the spinal fluid. The purpose of testing is not only to treat the patient but also to help health officials monitor and respond to outbreaks.
There is currently no specific treatment for West Nile fever. Patients receive supportive care to manage symptoms. This includes hydration and temperature control.
Is 2024 a bad year for mosquitoes?
Although it is too early to tell whether 2024 will be a bad year for mosquito-borne viruses. However, experts expect that the number of cases may increase in the coming years due to climate change. Warmer temperatures and increased rainfall create ideal conditions for insectes to breed. This could lead to more frequent and severe outbreaks.
How to protect yourself from mosquito bites
To minimize the risk of mosquito bites:
- Use insect repellents containing DEET or picaridin (known as KBR 3023 and icaridin outside the United States).
- Wear long sleeves and long pants when outdoors.
- Eliminate standing water around your home, such as in birdbaths, pet bowls, flower pots, and outdoor toys.
By taking these precautions, you can protect yourself from mosquito-borne viruses and enjoy late summer safely.